KONSERVASI EKOSISTEM BIRU
Kata Kunci:
KONSERVASI EKOSISTEM BIRUAbstrak
Ekosistem biru adalah istilah yang merujuk pada ekosistem pesisir yang memiliki kemampuan untuk menyerap, menyimpan, dan melepaskan karbon. Yang termasuk ekosistem biru adalah ekosistem pesisir yang menyimpan karbon dalam jumlah besar dalam biomassa dan sedimennya. Ekosistem ini meliputi hutan bakau, padang lamun, dan rawa gambut laut (tidal salt marsh). Di Indonesia kita bisa menjumpai dua ekosistem karbon biru yaitu hutan bakau dan padang lamun. Mangrove, padang lamun dan kawasan rawa payau memiliki potensi cadangan karbon biru yang sangat besar, yaitu sebagai penyerap serta penyimpan karbon alami yang kapasitasnya melebihi hutan tropis daratan. Indonesia memiliki basis sumber daya alam dan potensi karbon biru yang sangat kaya di wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil, dimana garis pantai Indonesia sepanjang 99.083 km, memiliki potensi besar sebagai penyumbang ekosistem karbon biru dari hutan bakau dan padang lamun. Ekosistem biru saat ini menghadapi berbagai tantangan serius yang mengancam keberlangsungannya, seperti perubahan iklim, pencemaran, serta eksploitasi berlebihan terhadap sumber daya ekosistem biru. Untuk mengatasi hal ini diperlukan upaya kolektif dari berbagai pihak, termasuk pemerintah, akademisi, masyarakat, dan sektor swasta, melalui program konservasi dan restorasi ekosistem. Tujuan konservasi ekosistem biru antara lain adalah Melindungi ekosistem pesisir seperti hutan mangrove, padang lamun, mengurangi emisi karbon dioksida, mendukung pembangunan dan konservasi laut yang berkelanjutan, dan menjaga keseimbangan lingkungan.
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