FISIOLOGI IKAN

Penulis

  • Latifa Fekri, Bagus Dwi Hari Setyono, Rovina Andriani, Yuyun Abubakar, Sudirto Malan, Gamal M. Samadan, Mesrawaty Sabar, Rusmawati La Benua, Nursanti Abdullah, Juharni, Ismi Musdalifah Darsan, Muhammad Aris, Anne Rumondang, Rizha Bery Putriani Penulis

Kata Kunci:

FISIOLOGI IKAN

Abstrak

Buku "Fisiologi Ikan" memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang bagaimana fungsi tubuh ikan secara menyeluruh, dimulai dari pengenalan fisiologi, anatomi, dan morfologi ikan. Buku ini membahas sistem pencernaan yang menguraikan proses asupan dan pemanfaatan nutrisi, serta sistem pernapasan yang menjelaskan mekanisme pertukaran gas dalam tubuh ikan. Selain itu, dijelaskan juga sistem peredaran darah yang mendistribusikan oksigen dan nutrisi ke seluruh tubuh, serta sistem ekskresi yang berperan dalam pembuangan zat sisa metabolisme. Sistem saraf dan endokrin yang mengatur respons dan fungsi tubuh, serta sistem reproduksi yang mendukung kelangsungan spesies juga dibahas secara rinci. Buku ini tidak hanya membahas metabolisme energi ikan, tetapi juga respons mereka terhadap stres lingkungan dan bagaimana mereka berinteraksi dengan faktor-faktor lingkungan. Perilaku ikan yang berkaitan dengan fisiologi, serta pengaruh teknologi dan manajemen budidaya terhadap fisiologi ikan, turut menjadi bagian penting dalam buku ini, memberikan wawasan yang komprehensif bagi pembaca yang tertarik pada ilmu fisiologi ikan.

Referensi

Aas, T. S., Hatlen, B., Grisdale-Helland, B.,Terjesen, B. F., Bakke-McKellep, A. M. & Helland, S. J., 2006. Effects of diets containing a bacterial protein meal on growth and feed utilisation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 261, 357 ± 368.

Abdel-Tawwab M, Hagras AE, Elbaghdady HAM, Monier MN. 2014. Dissolved Oxygen Level and Stocking Density Effects on Growth, Feed Utilization, Physiology, and Innate Immunity of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. J Appl Aquac 26:340–55. doi: 10.1080/10454438.2014.959830

Abdel-Tawwab M, Monier MN, Hoseinifar SH, Faggio C. 2019. Fish Response to Hypoxia Stress: Growth, Physiological, and Immunological Biomarkers. Fish Physiol Biochem 45:997–1013. doi: 10.1007/s10695-019-00614-9

Adewolu MA, Adeniji CA, Adejobi AB. 2008. Feed Utilization, Growth and Survival of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Fingerlings Cultured Under Different Photoperiods. Aquaculture 283:64–7. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.07.020

Affandi, R., Sjafei, D.S., Rahardjo, M.F. dan Sulistiono. 2004. Fisiologi Ikan, Pencernaan dan Penyerapan Makanan. Departemen Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor. 215 hal

Ahmad Y, Andrabi SM, Hussain A, Hussain G, Wani AR, Bannetwala RC, Tharani M. 2015. Haematological studies of freshwater fish, Labeo rohita (HAM.) exposed to heavy metals. International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology. 4(6): 1513-1523.

Alasalvar, C., Taylor, K.D.A., Zubcov, E., Shahidi, F., & Alexis, M., 2002. Differentiation of cultured and wild sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): total lipid content, fatty acid and trace mineral composition. Food Chem., 79, 145 ± 150

Aldegunde M, Mancebo M. 2006. Effects of Neuropeptide Y on Food Intake and Brain Biogenic Amines in the Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Peptides 27:719–27. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2005.09.014

Amin SAH, Khan KMH. 2016. Effect of different levels of water temperature on blood parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Research Opinions in Animal & Veterinary Sciences. 6(6): 178-180.

Amsel, S. (2024). ABOUT FISH (Osteichthyes - Bony Fish). Exploring Nature Educational Resource ©2005-2024.

Andini, A., Cahya, A., Ningsih, A.O., Iqbal, M., Sugiarti, S., & Fitrani, M. (2021). Konversi limbah budidaya ikan sistem intensif menjadi biogas skala rumah tangga. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021. 400-410.

Anttila K & Farrell A P. (2024). Cellular composition of the blood. Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology (Second Edition). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90801-6.00002-1.

Ariyanto, D. (2015). Seleksi yang tepat memberikan hasil yang hebat. Media Akuakultur. 10(2): 65-70. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ma.10.2.2015.65-70

Assan D, Huang Y, Mustapha UF, Addah MN, Li G, Chen H. 2021. Fish Feed Intake, Feeding Behavior, and the Physiological Response of Apelin to Fasting and Refeeding. Front. Endocrinol. 12:798903. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.798903

Assan D, Mustapha UF, Chen H, Li Z, Peng Y, Li G. 2021. The Roles of Neuropeptide Y (Npy) and Peptide YY (Pyy) in Teleost Food Intake: A Mini Review. Life 11(6):547. doi: 10.3390/life11060547

Assan, D. , Kuebutornye, F. , Mustapha, U. , Chen, H. and Li, G. (2020) Effects of Climate Change on Marine Organisms. American Journal of Climate Change, 9, 204-216. doi: 10.4236/ajcc.2020.93013.

Astriyaa, Afifah Safirab, Syarif Hidayat Amrullah, 2023. Sistem Reproduksi, Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Ikan.

Axelrod, Herbert R., et al. "Exotic Tropical Fishes." T.F.H. Publications, 2006.

Badman MK, Flier JS. 2005. The Gut and Energy Balance: Visceral Allies in the ObesityWars. Science 80 (307):1909–14. doi: 10.1126/science.1109951 26.

Bagci, E., Heijlen, M., Vergauwen, L., et al., 2015. Deiodinase knockdown during early zebrafish development affects growth, development, energy metabolism, motility and phototransduction. PLoS One 10, e0123285. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0123285.

Bahavya S, 2023. Urinogenital Sysyem of Rahu Fish (Labeo rohita)

Barrows EM (2001). Animal behavior table reference: a dictionary of animal behavior, ecology, and evolution (2nd Edition). Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press. P. 317 . ISBN 978-0-8493-2005-7. OCLC 299866547

Bartoňková J, Hyršl P, Vojtek L. 2016. Glucose determination in fish plasma by two different moderate methods. Acta Veterinaria Brno. 85(4): 349-353.

Bautista, M.N. & MC De La Cruz. 1988. Linoleic (n-6) and linolenic (n-3) acids in the diet of fingerling milkfish Chanos chanos forskal, Aquaculture, 71: 347-358.

Beauregard D, Enders E, Boisclair D. 2013. Consequences of circadian fluctuations in water temperature on the standard metabolic rate of Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 70(7): 1072-1081.

Bernier NJ, Gorissen M, Flik G. 2012. Differential Effects of Chronic Hypoxia and Feed Restriction on the Expression of Leptin and Its Receptor, Food Intake Regulation and the Endocrine Stress Response in Common Carp. J Exp Biol 215:2273–82. doi: 10.1242/jeb.066183

Bernier NJ. 2006. The Corticotropin-Releasing Factor System as a Mediator of the Appetite-Suppressing Effects of Stress in Fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 146:45–55. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.11.016

Bertucci JI, Blanco AM, Sundarrajan L, Rajeswari JJ, Velasco C, Unniappan S. 2019. Nutrient Regulation of Endocrine Factors Influencing Feeding and Growth in Fish. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 10:83. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00083

Billard, R. Spermatogenesis and spermatology of some teleost fish species. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 1986, 2, 877–920. CrossRef

Binder, D. K., Sonne, D. C., & Fischbein, N. J. (2010). Cranial nerves: anatomy, pathology, imaging. Thieme New York.

Biswas AK, Takeuchi T. 2003. Effects of Photoperiod and Feeding Interval on Food Intake and Growth Rate of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L. Fish Sci 69:1010–6. doi: 10.1046/j.1444-2906.2003.00720.x

Bone, Q., & Moore, R. (2008). Biology of Fishes (3rd ed.). Taylor & Francis.

Bone, Quentin, and Richard Moore. "Biology of Fishes." Taylor & Francis, 2008.

Borg, B. (1994). Androgens in teleost fishes. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, 109(3), 219-245.

Bourke, S.L. 2003. Polymerderived From The amino Acyd Tyrosine poly Carbonate polyacrylates and Copolymer with ethylene glycol.,advanced drug Review 55(4) 447-466.

Brander, K. M. (2010). Impacts of climate change on fisheries. Journal of Marine Systems, 79(3-4), 389-402.

Breau C, Cunjak RA, Peake SJ. 2011. Behaviour during elevated water temperatures: can physiology explain movement of juvenile Atlantic salmon to cool water?. Journal of Animal Ecology. 80(4): 844-853.

Bshary, R., Gingins, S., & Vail, A. L. (2014). Social cognition in fishes. In Trends in Cognitive Sciences (Vol. 18, Issue 9, pp. 465–471). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2014.04.005 Burhanuddin, A. I. (2015). Ikhtiologi, Ikan dan Segala Aspek Kehidupannya. Deepublish.

Camilieri-Asch, V., Shaw, J. A., Mehnert, A., Yopak, K. E., Partridge, J. C., & Collin, S. P. (2020). diceCT: A valuable technique to study the nervous system of fish. Eneuro, 7(4).

Claësson D, Wang T, Malte H. 2016. Maximal oxygen consumption increases with temperature in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) through increased heart rate and arteriovenous extraction. Conservation Physiology. 4(1): 1-8.

Claireaux, G., & Lefrancois, C. (2007). Linking environmental variability and fish performance: integration through the concept of scope for activity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 362(1487), 2031-2041.

Conde-Sieira M, Aguilar AJ, López-Patiño MA, Mı́guez JM, Soengas JL. 2010. Stress Alters Food Intake and Glucosensing Response in Hypothalamus, Hindbrain, Liver, and Brockmann Bodies of Rainbow Trout. Physiol Behav 101:483–93. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.07.016

Conde-Sieira M, Chivite M, Mı́guez JM, Soengas JL. 2018. Stress Effects on the Mechanisms Regulating Appetite in Teleost Fish. Front Endocrinol 9:631. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00631

Cook DG, Herbert NA. 2012. The Physiological and Behavioural Response of Juvenile Kingfish (Seriola lalandi) Differs Between Escapable and Inescapable Progressive Hypoxia. J Exp Mar Bio Ecol 413:138–44. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2011.12.006

Craig S, Helfrich LA. 2002. Understanding Fish Nutrition, Feeds and Feeding, Cooperative Extension Service, Publication 420–256. Virginia State Univ USA. 26–7.

D. Aliza, W. -, dan L. W. Sipahutar, 2013. “Efek Peningkatan Suhu Air Terhadap Perubahan Perilaku, Patologi Anatomi, Dan Histopatologi Insang Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus),” J. Med. Vet., vol. 7, no. 2,

d’Orbcastel ER, Lemarié G, Breuil G, Petochi T, Marino G, Triplet S. 2010 Effects of Rearing Density on Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biological Performance, Blood Parameters and Disease Resistance in a Flow Through System. Aquat Living Resour 23:109–17. doi: 10.1051/alr/2009056

da Silva RF, Kitagawa A, Sánchez Vázquez FJ. 2016. Dietary Self-Selection in Fish: A New Approach to Studying Fish Nutrition and Feeding Behavior. Rev Fish Biol Fish 26:39–51. doi: 10.1007/s11160-015-9410-1

Dauda, A.B. (2020). Biofloc technology: A review on the microbial interactions, operational parameters and implications to disease and health management of cultured aquatic animals. Reviews in Aquaculture, 12(2), 1193–1210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12379

de Bellard, M. E. (2016). Myelin in cartilaginous fish. Brain Research, 1641, 34–42.

Delfiah, F., Wahdaniyah, N., Hidayat Amrullah (2023). Sistem Saraf Dan Sistem Endokrin. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Alauddin Makassar

Diaz, R. J., & Rosenberg, R. (2008). Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems. Science, 321(5891), 926-929.

Ðikić D, Lisičić D, Matić-Skoko S, Tutman P, Skaramuca D, Franić Z, Skaramuca B. 2013. Comparative hematology of wild Anguilliformes (Muraena helena, L. 1758, Conger conger, L. 1758 and Anguilla anguilla L. 1758). Animal Biology. 63(1): 77-92.

Driedzic WR, Clow KA, Short CE. 2013. Glucose uptake and metabolism by red blood cells from fish with different extracellular glucose levels. Journal of Experimental Biology. 216(3): 437-446.

Eales, J. G. (2006). Modes of action and physiological effects of thyroid hormones in fish. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 15(5), 309-318.

Efeyan A, Comb WC, Sabatini DM. 2015. Nutrient-Sensing Mechanisms and Pathways. Nature 517:302–10. doi: 10.1038/nature14190

Effendi I. 2012. Stres Pada Ikan Dalam Sistem Akuakultur. Departemen Budidaya Perairan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. 29 p.

Effendie, M. I. (2002). Biologi Perikanan [Fisheries Biology] Yogyakarta Yayasan Pustaka Nusantara 163.

Ekasari J., Pasha, H.K., & Priyoutomo, N.B. (2018). Utilization of biofloc meal as a feed ingredient for Nile tilapia and Common carp. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 17(1), 9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19027/jai.17.1.9-15

Eriegha OJ, Ekokotu PA. 2017. Factors Affecting Feed Intake in Cultured Fish Species: A Review. Anim Res Int 14:2697–709.

Erisman Brad E., Christopher W. Petersen, Philip A. Hastings, Robert R. Warner, 2013 Phylogenetic Perspectives on the evolution of functionan hermaproditism in teleost fishes. Symposium Comparative Biology, January 3–7, 2013 at San Francisco, California.

Erlania. (2010). Pengendalian limbah budidaya perikanan melalui pemanfaatan tumbuhan air dengan sistem constructed wetland. Media Akuakultur. 5(2):129-137. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ma.5.2.2010.129-137

Evans, D. H., Piermarini, P. M., & Choe, K. P. (2005). The multifunctional fish gill: Dominant site of gas exchange, osmoregulation, acid-base regulation, and excretion of nitrogenous waste. Physiological Reviews, 85(1), 97-177.

Fahy, E., Subramaniam, S., Brown, H., Glass, C.K., Alfred, H., Merrill, Jr.,Murphy, R.C., Raetz, C.R.H., Russell,D.W., Seyama, Y., Shaw, W., Shimizu,T., Spener, F., Gerrit, van Meer,VanNieuwenhze, M.S., White, S.H.,Witztum, J.L., and Dennis, E.A., 2005. Acomprehensive classification system forlipids. Journal of Lipid Research, 46, 839-861.

Falcón, J., Besseau, L., Sauzet, S., & Boeuf, G. (2007). Melatonin effects on the hypothalamo-pituitary axis in fish. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 18(2), 81-88.

Farrell A.P. & Pieperhoff S. (2011). Design And Physiology Of The Heart Cardiac Anatomy in Fishes. Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374553-8.00139-8.

Fekri L, Affandi R, Budiardi T. 2014. Tingkat pemberian pakan sidat Anguilla bicolor bicolor: ukuran 1–2 g. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 13(1): 21–27.

Fekri L, Affandi R, Rahardjo MF, Budiardi T, Simanjuntak CPH, Fauzan T, Indrayani. 2018. The effect of temperature on the physiological

condition and growth performance of freshwater eel elver Anguilla bicolor bicolor (McClelland, 1844). Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 17(2): 181-190.

Fekri L, Affandi R, Rahardjo MF, Budiardi T, Simanjuntak CPH. 2019. Pertumbuhan elver Anguilla bicolor McClelland, 1844 pasca pembantutan yang dipelihara di media semi alami. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 19(2): 243-257.

Fekri L, Affandi R, Rahardjo MF, Budiardi T, Simanjuntak CPH. 2020. Pembantutan Elver Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland, 1844: Inovasi dalam Upaya Penebaran Kembali. Disertasi. IPB University.

Fekri L, Budiardi T, Affandi R. 2019. Teknik restocking benih sidat di perairan umum. IPB Press

Fekri L, Pangerang UK, Halili. 2021. Makanan favorit sidat (Anguilla marmorata) di Sungai Bombana, Sulawesi Tenggara. Warta Iktiologi, 5(1): 27-31.

Fekri, L., Affandi, R., Budiardi, T. 2015. Pengaruh stunting terhadap kondisi fisiologis benih ikan sidat, Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland, 1844. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 15(1), 65–75. http://jurnal-iktiologi.org/index.php/jii/article/view/76/57

Fekri, L., Affandi, R., Budiardi, T. 2014. Pengaruh lama stunting terhadap kondisi fisiologis benih ikan sidat (Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland, 1844). Tesis: IPB University.

Fischer, H., Romano, N., Renukdas, N., Egnew, N., Sinha, A.K., &Ray, A.J. (2020). The potential of rearing juveniles of Bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus, in a biofloc system. Aquaculture Reports, 17, 100398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100398

Fortes-Silva R, Rosa PV, Zamora S, Sánchez-Vázquez FJ. 2012 Dietary Self- Selection of Protein-Unbalanced Diets Supplemented With Three Essential Amino Acids in Nile Tilapia. Physiol Behav 105:639–44. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.09.023

Freeman DW. 2007. Using the NRC to Manage Horse Nutrition An Overview of Management Issues in the Nutrient Requirements of Horses. In: Conference Sponsors (Citeseer), vol. 171. Washington DC: The National Academic Press.

Froyland, L., Lie, O. & Berge, R.K., 2000. Mitochondrial and peroxisomal beta oxidation capacities in various tissues from Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Aquaculture Nutrition, 6, 85 - 89.

Fujaya Y. 2004. Fisiologi Ikan. Rineka Cipta, Jakarta

Fujaya, Y. 2008. Fisiologi Ikan Dasar Pengembangan Teknik Perikanan. Rineka Zipta, Jakarta.

Furuichi, M. 1988. Dietary requirements. In Fish Nutrition and Mariculture, T. Watanabe (Ed.), Kanazawa International Fisheries Center, Japan International Cooperation Agency, p. 21-78.

Gamperl A.K. (2024). Hormonal control of the fish cardiovascular system. Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology (Second Edition). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90801-6.00071-9.

Gao, F., Liao, S., Liu, S., Bai, H., Wang, A., & Ye, J. (2019). The combination use of Candida tropicalis HH8 and Pseudomonas stutzeri LZX301 on nitrogen removal, biofloc formation and microbial communities in aquaculture. Aquaculture, 500, 50–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.09.041

Gehring, C.K., Davenport, P.M. & Jaczynzki, J., 2009. Functional and nutritional quality of protein and lipid recovered from fish processing by products and underutilized aquatic species using isoelectric solubilization/precipitation. Curr. Nutr. Food Sci., 5, 17 - 39.

Ghalib M. 2002. Pengaruh Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Terhadap Konsumsi Oksigen Juvenil Ikan Bandeng. Jurnal Science and Technology Vol 3 No 3 Desember 2002.

Goenarso, D., dan Suripto. (2016). Fisiologi Hewan. Universitas Terbuka: Tangerang Selatan

Grier, H.J. Cellular organization of the testis and spermatogenesis in fishes. Am. Zool. 1981, 21, 345–357. CrossRef

Grigorakis, K., Alexis, M.N., Taylor, K.D.A., & Hole, M., 2002. Comparison of wild andcultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata); composition, appearance and seasonal variations. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 37, 477 - 484

Gulmareas-cruz, Rodrigo J Rodrigo J; Santos Jose E dos; Santos, Gimlar B, 2005. Struktur Gonada dan Gametogenesis Lorocaria lentogenosa Isbruker (Pisces Teleostei) Siluriformes. .22(3): 556–564.doi: 10.1590/S0101-8175200500030000.

Gurevitch, J., & Padilla, D. K. (2004). Are invasive species a major cause of extinctions? Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 19(9), 470-474.

H. Bjurstedt, 1957 .“Respiratory system.,” Annu. Rev. Physiol., vol. 19, hal. 151–174,

Hamid SHA, Ahmed FAM, Mohammed IMA, Ali SIM. 2013. Physical & chemical characteristics of blood of two fish species (Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias lazera). World's Veterinary Journal. 3(1): 17-20.

Haraningtias., Utami, S., dan Primiani, C. N. (2018). “Anatomi Dan Biometri Sistem Pencernaan Ikan Air Tawar Famili Cyprinidae Di Telaga Ngebel Ponorogo”. Seminar Nasional

Haylee Quertermous, Neil J. Gemmell 2024. Sex Change in fish.

Helfman, G. S., Collette, B. B., Facey, D. E., & Bowen, B. W. (2009). The diversity of fishes: Biology, evolution, and ecology. John Wiley & Sons.

Helfman, G.S., Collette, B.B., Facey, D.E., & Bowen, B.W. (2009). The Diversity of Fishes: Biology, Evolution, and Ecology (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.

Helfman, Gene S., et al. "The Diversity of Fishes: Biology, J. F. Steffensen, 2005, “Respiratory Systems and Metabolic Rates,” Fish Physiol., vol. 22, no. C, hal. 203–238,

Hoar, W. S., & Randall, D. J. (2012). Fish physiology: The physiology of developing fish. Academic Press.

Holland, M C, Hassin S and Zohar Y (2001) Seasonal fluctuations in pituitary levels of the three forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in striped bass, Morone saxatilis (Teleostei), during juvenile and pubertal development, J Endocrinol, 169, 527–38.

Horodysky, A.Z., Cooke, S.J., Brill, R.W. 2015. Physiology in the service of fisheries science: Why thinking mechanistically matters. Rev Fish Biol Fisheries 25, 425–447. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-015-9393-y

Hulata, G. (2001). Genetic manipulation in aquaculture: A review of stock improvement classical and modern technologies. Genetics, 111: 155-173.

Inaba, K.; Shiba, K. 2008. Microscopic analysis of sperm movement: Links to mechanisms and protein components., 67, 144–155. CrossRef.

Ingerman, R.L. Energy metabolism and respiration in fish spermatozoa. In Fish Spermatology; Alavi, S.M.H., Cosson, J., Coward, K., Rafiee, G., Eds.; Alpha Science Ltd.: Oxford, UK, 2008; pp. 241–266.

Inggris, MFG; Bazzoli, N. (2003). Reproduksi ikan lele surubim (Pisces, Pimelodidae) di Sungai São Francisco, Wilayah Pirapora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria

dan Zootecnia. 55 (5);624-633.doi;10.1590/S0112-09352003000500018.ISSN 0102-0935.

Inilahtasik. (2022). Budidaya nila sistem bioflok di Desa Pasirbatang kian berkembang. https://www.inilahtasik.com/budidaya-nila-sistem-bioflok-di-desa-pasirbatang-kian-berkembang (Diakses 18 Juni 2024).

Irawan, J.D., Adriantantri, E., Suardika, I.B., Limpraptono, Y., & Prasetya, R.P. (2020). Pemanfaatan IoT untuk monitoring kolam ikan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Abdimas Ma Chung: 71-81. Isnaeni, W. (2006). Fisiologi hewan. PT Kanisius.

Issartel J, Hervant F, Voituron Y, Renault D, Vernon P. 2005. Behavioural, ventilatory and respiratory responses of epigean and hypogean crustaceans to different temperatures. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology. 141(1): 1-7.

Jacinda, A.K., Yustiati, A., & Andriani, Y. (2021). Aplikasi teknologi Resirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) di Indonesia; A review. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan. 11(1): 43-59.

Jamieson, B.G.M. Fish Evolution and Systematics: Evidence from Spermatozoa; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 1991.

Janskowska, B., Zakees, Z., Zmijewski, T., and Szczepkowski, M. 2003. A comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander lucioperca (L.). Eur. Food. Res. Technol. 217: 401-405.

Jensen, J., Rustad, P. I., Kolnes, A. J., & Lai, Y. C. (2011). The role of skeletal muscle glycogen breakdown for regulation of insulin sensitivity by exercise. Frontiers in physiology, 2, 112.

Jeon E-J, Kim B-H, Lee C-H, Lee Y-D. 2020. Response of Appetite-Related Genes in Relation to the Rearing Water Temperature in Red Spotted Grouper (Epinephelus akaara). Fish Aquat Sci 23:1–9. doi: 10.1186/s41240-020-00150-1

Kabayasi Y. Y. Nakamura, M. Nagahama, 2013. Diversity and plasticty of sex determination and differentiation in fishes.

Kamal, D., Khan, N.A., Rahman, M.A and Ahamed, F., 2007. Biochemical Composition of Some Small Indigenous Freshwater Fishes from the River Mouri, Khulna, Banglagesh. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 10,9, 1559 - 1561.

Kamalam BS, Medale F, Panserat S. 2016. Utilisation of dietary carbohydrates in farmed fishes: new insights on influencing factors, biological limitations and future strategies. Aquaculture. 467:3-27.

Kasumyan, A. (2003). The Lateral Line in Fish: Structure, Function, and Role in Behavior. Journal of Ichthyology, 43, S175–S213.

Kehoe AS, Volkoff H. 2008. The Effects of Temperature on Feeding and Expression of Two Appetite-Related Factors, Neuropeptide Y and Cocaine-and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript, in Atlantic Cod, Gadus morhua. J World Aquac Soc 39:790–6. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2008.00215.x

Kestemont P, Baras E. 2001. Environmental Factors and Feed Intake: Mechanisms and Interactions. Food Intake Fish 131–56. doi: 10.1002/9780470999516.ch6

Kitagawa AT, Costa LS, Paulino RR, Luz RK, Rosa PV, Guerra-Santos B. 2015. Feeding Behavior and the Effect of Photoperiod on the Performance and Hematological Parameters of the Pacamã Catfish (Lophiosilurus alexandri). Appl Anim Behav Sci 171:211–8. doi: 10.1016/j.applanim.2015.08.025

Koniyo, Y., Juliana. (2018). Aspek Biologi dan Ekologis Ikan Manggabai. Ideas Publishing: Kota Gorontalo.

Kotrschal, A., & Kotrschal, K. (2020). Fish brains: anatomy, functionality, and evolutionary relationships. The Welfare of Fish, 129–148.

Kramer, D. L. (1987). Dissolved oxygen and fish behavior. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 18(2), 81-92.

Kuwamura Tetsuo, Tomoki Sunobe, Yoichi Sakai, Tatsuru Kadota, 2020. Hermaphroditism inshes: anannotated list ofspecies, phylogeny, andmating system.

Kuz’mina VV. 2019. The Regulatory Mechanisms of Feeding Behavior in Fish.J Evol Biochem Physiol 55:1–13. doi: 10.1134/S0022093019010010

Lahnsteiner, F.; Patzner, R.A. Sperm morphology and ultrastructure in fish. In Fish Spermatology; Alavi, S.M.H., Cosson, J.,Coward, K., Rafiee, G., Eds.; Alpha Science Ltd.: Oxford, UK, 2008; pp. 1–61.

Lall SP, Tibbetts SM. 2009. Nutrition, Feeding, and Behavior of Fish. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 12:361–72. doi: 10.1016/j.cvex. 2009.01.005

Le Gac, F Blake, O Fostier, A. Le Bail,P.Y., Loir, M., Mourot, B. And Weil, C. 1993. Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: A review. Fish physiol. Biochem.,11:219-23

Le Roith, D., Bondy, C., Yakar, S., Liu, J. L., & Butler, A. (2001). The somatomedin hypothesis: 2001. Endocrine Reviews, 22(1), 53-74.

Lin X, Volkoff H, Narnaware Y, Bernier NJ, Peyon P, Peter RE. 2000. Brain Regulation of Feeding Behavior and Food Intake in Fish. Comp Biochem Physiol Part A Mol Integr Physiol 126:415–34. doi: 10.1016/S1095-6433(00)00230-0

Lode, T. (2012). Oviparity or viviparity that is the question. “Reproductive Biology.12(3):259-264. 259–264.doi:10.1016/.repbio.2012.09.001.PMID23153695.

Long, D. and W. . L. A. (2024). Chondrichthyan. Encyclopedia Britannica.

López-Olmeda JF, Sánchez-Vázquez FJ. 2010. Feeding Rhythms in Fish: From Behavioral to Molecular Approach. Biol Clock Fish, 155–83. doi: 10.1201/b10170

M. G. Katz 2019. “Targeted gene delivery through the respiratory system: Rationale for intratracheal gene transfer,” J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis., vol. 6, no. 1,Evolution, and Ecology." Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.

Magnoni LJ, Eding E, Leguen I, Prunet P, Geurden I, Ozório ROA, et al. 2018. Hypoxia, But Not an Electrolyte-Imbalanced Diet, Reduces Feed Intake, Growth and Oxygen Consumption in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Sci Rep 8:4965. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23352-z Maimunah, Y., Kilawati, Y., & Amrillah, A. M. (2023). Fisiologi Hewan Akuatik. Universitas Brawijaya Press. Manik, R. R. D. S., & Arleston, J. (2021). Nutrisi dan pakan ikan.

Mann, K. H., & Lazier, J. R. (2006). Dynamics of Marine Ecosystems: Biological-Physical Interactions in the Oceans. Wiley-Blackwell.

Marshall, W. S., & Grosell, M. (2005). Ion transport, osmoregulation, and acid-base balance. In Fish Physiology (Vol. 22, pp. 177-230). Academic Press.

Martínez-Porchas M, Martínez-Córdova LR, Ramos-Enriquez R. 2009. Cortisol and glucose: reliable indicators of fish stress?. Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences. 4(2): 158-178.

Masyarakat Akuakultur Indonesia (MAI). (2017). Mengenal Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) Lebih Dekat.

https://mai.or.id/2017/09/15/mengenal-recirculating-aquaculture-system-ras-lebih-dekat/ (Diakses 23 Juni 2024).

Matsuda K, Miura T, Kaiya H, Maruyama K, Shimakura S-I, Uchiyama M, et al. 2006. Regulation of Food Intake by Acyl and Des-Acyl Ghrelins in the Goldfish. Peptides 27:2321–5. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.03.028

Mautz WJ, Nagy KA. 2000. Xantusiid lizards have low energy, water, and food requirements. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. 73(4): 480-487.

Mayadi, L. (2021). Heritabilitas dan perolehan genetik pada bobot ikan nila hasil seleksi. Jurnal Bina Wakya. 16(4):6661-6667. DOI: http://ejurnal.binawakya.or.id/index.php/MBI

McMenamin, S. K., & Parichy, D. M. (2013). Metamorphosis in teleosts. Current Topics in Developmental Biology, 103, 127-165.

Megasari, R., & Bulotio, N.F. (2022). Integrasi tanaman dan ikan pada sistem akuaponik. Plantklopedia: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Pertanian. 2 (1): 10-17.

Mizanur RM, Yun H, Moniruzzaman M, Ferreira F, Kim K, Bai SC. 2014. Effects of Feeding Rate and Water Temperature on Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Korean Rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli (Hilgendorf 1880). Asian Australasian J Anim Sci 27:690. doi: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13508

Mommsen, T. P., Vijayan, M. M., & Moon, T. W. (1999). Cortisol in teleosts: dynamics, mechanisms of action, and metabolic regulation. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 9(3), 211-268.

Moyle, P.B., & Cech, J.J. (2004). Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Mudjiman, A. 2004. Makanan Ikan. Penebar Swadaya. Depok, 191 hlm. Munaeni, W., Samadan, G. M., Findra, M. N., Rumondang, A., Abdullah, N., Nur, M., ... & Ulkhaq, M. F. (2023). Fisiologi Hewan Akuatik. PT Kamiya Jaya Akuatik.

Murray, J. and Burt, J.R., 2001. The composition of fish. Ministry of Technology. Torry research station,Torry advisory note no. 38 dalam FAO Corporate Document Repository.

Mustafa, P. S. (2020). Implikasi Pola Kerja Telensefalon dan Korteks Cerebral dalam Pendidikan Jasmani. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 10(2), 53–62.

Mylonas C. Y.Zohor, 2009. Controlling fish reproduktion in aquakulture. Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Greece, and University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, USA.

Nagahama Yoshitaka, Tapas Chakraborty, Bindhu Paul-Prasnth, Kohei Ohta and Masaru Nakamura, 2021. Sex determination, Gonadal sex Differentiation, and Plasticity in vertebratae Species

Nawawi, N., Sriwahidah, S., & Jaya, A.A. (2018). Ibkik budidaya ikan nila sistem akuaponik. Jurnal Dedikasi Masyarakat, 2 (1) : 37 – 43.

Nelson JS, Grande TC, & Wilson MVH. 2016. Fishes of the World. 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, New Jersey. 707 p.

Nilsson S. (2011). Autonomic nervous system of fishes. Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology (Second Edition). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90801-6.00301-3.

Norris, D. O. (2007). Vertebrate Endocrinology. Academic Press.

Norris, D. O., & Carr, J. A. (2013). Endocrine Disruption: Biological Bases for Health Effects in Wildlife and Humans. Oxford University Press.

Norris, D. O., & Carr, J. A. (2013). Vertebrate endocrinology (5th ed.). Academic Press.

NRC, N. R. C. 2011. Nutrient Requirements of Fish and Shrimp. Washington, DC: National academies press.

Nugraha, S., Huriyah, S.B., Ekasari, J., Widanarni, W., & Mulyani, R. (2022). Pengaruh sistem bioflok dan penambahan Chlorella sp. terhadap kualitas air pada pemeliharaan larva ikan lele. Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Perikanan dan Budidaya Perairan. 17(1): 39-47. DOI: 10.31851/jipbp.v17i2.8334

Nwosu BFM, Holzlöhner S. 2000. Effect of Light Periodicity and Intensity on the Growth and Survival of Heterobranchus longifilis Val. 1840 (Teleostei:Clariidae) Larvae After 14 Days of Rearing. J Appl Ichthyol 16:24–6. doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0426.2000.00145.x

Okamura A, Horie N, Mikawa N, Yamada Y, Tsukamoto K. 2018. Influence of temperature and feeding regimes on growth and notochord deformity in reared Anguilla japonica leptocephali. Fisheries Science. 84(3): 505-512.

Onasiska, D. M. D., Hidayatno, A., & Triwiyatno, A. (2015). Perancangan Perangkat Lunak Untuk Mengidentifikasi Jenis Ikan Menggunakan Jaringan Saraf Tiruan. Transmisi: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro, 17(1), 7–13.

Orban, E., Nevigato, T., Di Lena, G., Casini, I., and Marzetti, A. 2003. Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). J. Food Sci. 68(1): 128-132.

Pandian TJ, 2011. Sex Determination in Fish. CRC press. ISBN 978-1-4398-7919-1. Archived from the original version on November 7, 2017 - via Google Books.

Pardiansyah, D., Oktarini, W., & Martudi, S. (2018). Pengaruh peningkatan padat tebar terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) menggunakan sistem resirkulasi. Jurnal Agroqua. 16(1) :81-86.

Parmesan, C., & Yohe, G. (2003). A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems. Nature, 421(6918), 37-42.

Pauly, D., Christensen, V., Dalsgaard, J., Froese, R., & Torres, F. (1998). Fishing down marine food webs. Science, 279(5352), 860-863.

Penney CC, Volkoff H. 2014. Peripheral Injections of Cholecystokinin, Apelin, Ghrelin and Orexin in Cavefish (Astyanax Fasciatus Mexicanus): Effects on Feeding and on the Brain Expression Levels of Tyrosine Hydroxylase, Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin and Appetite-Related Hormones. Gen Comp Endocrinol 196:34–40. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.11.015

Pinontoan AWS. 2018 “Morphological study of the respiratory system of bungo fish (Glossogobius aureus) from Lake Tempe, South Sulawesi, Indonesia,” IOSR J. Agric. Vet. Sci., vol. 11, no. 2, hal. 12–16,

Polakof S, Panserat S, Soengas JL, Moon TW. 2012. Glucose metabolism in fish: a review. Journal of Comparative Physiology B. 182(8): 1015-1045.

Politis SN, Mazurais D, Servili A, Zambonino-Infante JL, Miest JJ, Sørensen SR, Butts IAE. 2017. Temperature effects on gene expression and morphological development of European eel, Anguilla anguilla larvae. Plos One. 12(8): 1-23.

Power, D. M., Llewellyn, L., Faustino, M., Nowell, M. A., Björnsson, B. T., Einarsdottir, I. E., ... & Sweeney, G. E. (2001). Thyroid hormones in growth and development of fish. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 130(4), 447-459.

Purnamasari, R., dan Santi, D. R. (2017). Fisiologi Hewan. Program Studi Arsitektur UIN Sunan Ampel: Surabaya, Jawa Timur.

Pusat Manajemen Pengetahuan Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian UGM. (2019). Konsep dan Manfaat Aquaponik. https://kmc.tp.ugm.ac.id/kms/konsep-dan-manfaat-aquaponik/ (Diakses 20 Juni 2024).

Pörtner HO, Knust R. 2007. Climate change affects marine fishes through the oxygen limitation of thermal tolerance. Science. 315(5808): 95-97.

Pörtner, H. O., & Farrell, A. P. (2008). Physiology and climate change. Science, 322(5902), 690-692.

Quinn, T. P., & Myers, K. W. (2004). Anadromy and the marine migrations of Pacific salmon and rainbow trout: Rethinking the migratory patterns of fish. Fishery Bulletin, 102(2), 1-18.

Radoslav D, Aleksandar I, Rajko G, Goran T, Danijela C, Svjetlana L. 2013. Effect of thermal stress of short duration on the red blood cell parameters of Barbus balcanicus Kotlik, Tsigenopulos, Rab, Berrebi, 2002. African Journal of Biotechnology. 12(18): 2484-2491.

Rahadjo, M.F. 1985. Ictiologi Sebagai Pedoman Kerja Praktikum. IPB, Bogor

Rahardjo, M. F., Sjafei, D. S., Affandi, R., & Sulistiono, H. J. (2011). Iktiologi. Lubuk Agung. Bandung, 395.

Ramsay JM, Feist GW, Varga ZM, Westerfield M, Kent ML, Schreck CB. 2009. Whole-Body Cortisol Response of Zebrafish to Acute Net Handling Stress. Aquaculture 297:157–62. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.08.035

Randall DJ. (2024). Carbon dioxide transport and excretion. Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology (Second Edition). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90801-6.00086-0.

Rantin F T, Kalinin A L, Monteiro D A. (2020). Chapter 9 - The cardiovascular system. Biology and Physiology of Freshwater Neotropical Fish. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815872-2.00009-9.

Refaey MM, Li D, Tian X, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Li L, et al. 2018. High Stocking Density Alters Growth Performance, Blood Biochemistry, Intestinal Histology, and Muscle Quality of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus. Aquaculture 492:73–81. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.04.003

Remen M, Oppedal F, Torgersen T, Imsland AK, Olsen RE. 2012. Effects of Cyclic Environmental Hypoxia on Physiology and Feed Intake of Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon: Initial Responses and Acclimation.

Aquaculture 326–329:148–55. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.11.036

Richards, J. G. (2009). Metabolic and molecular responses of fish to hypoxia. In Fish Physiology (Vol. 27, pp. 443-485). Academic Press.

Ricklefs RE, Wikelski M. 2002. The physiology/life-history nexus. Trends Ecol Evol 17:462–468

Rini, D.S., Hasan, H., & Prasetio, E. (2018). Sistem akuaponik dengan jenis tumbuhan yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan benih ikan tengadak (Barbonymus scwanenfeldii). Jurnal Ruaya, 6(2):14-20.

Ritonga, L. Br. (2020). Pengaruh padat tebar yang berbeda terhadap laju pertumbuhan ikan wader cakul (Puntius binotatus). Jurnal Chanos Chanos. 18(1): 1-6. DOI: http://ejournal-balitbang.kkp.go.id/index.php/chanos2

Robertson, B., Kardamakis, A., Capantini, L., Pérez-Fernández, J., Suryanarayana, S. M., Wallén, P., Stephenson-Jones, M., & Grillner, S. (2014). The lamprey blueprint of the mammalian nervous system. Progress in Brain Research, 212, 337–349.

Roman MR, Brandt SB, Houde ED, Pierson JJ. 2019. Interactive Effects of Hypoxia and Temperature on Coastal Pelagic Zooplankton and Fish. Front Mar Sci 6:139. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00139

Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977). Tubuh Vertebrata. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders Internasional. hal.385–386.ISBN 978-0-03-910284-5.

Rosenfeld Berry, Michele Galietta, André Ivanoff, Alexandra Garcia-Mansilla, Ricardo Artinez, 2007. Dialectical Behavior Therapy for the Treatment of Stalking Offenders

Rubio VC, Boluda Navarro D, Madrid JA, Sánchez-Vázquez FJ. 2009. Macronutrient Self-Selection in Solea Senegalensis Fed Macronutrient Diets and Challenged With Dietary Protein Dilutions. Aquaculture 291:95–100. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.02.040

Rukka, D.P. (2012). Pengaruh Kepadatan Berbeda Terhadap Konsumsi Oksigen Pada Juvenil Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos Forsskal). Skripsi. Universitas Hasanuddin. Makassar.

Rummer JL, Brauner CJ. 2011. Plasma-accessible carbonic anhydrase at the tissue of a teleost fish may greatly enhance oxygen delivery: in vitro evidence in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Experimental Biology. 214(14): 2319-2328.

Rummer JL, Brauner CJ. 2015. Root effect haemoglobins in fish may greatly enhance general oxygen delivery relative to other vertebrates. Plos One. 10(10): 1-17.

Rønnestad I, Gomes AS, Murashita K, Angotzi R, Jönsson E, Volkoff H. 2017. Appetite-Controlling Endocrine Systems in Teleosts. Front Endocrinol 8:73. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00073

Sadovy Yvonne De Mitheson, Min Liu, 2008. Functional Hermaphroditism in Teleostes

Salazar, P., Villaseca, P., Cisternas, P., Inestrosa, N.C., 2021. Neurodevelopmental impact of the offspring by thyroid hormone system-disrupting environmental chemicals during pregnancy. Environ. Res. 200, 111345 https://doi.org/10.1016/j. envres.2021.111345.

Sambu, A.H., & Amir, D. A. (2017). Budidaya ikan nila dengan sistem Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) pada lahan bekas tambang pasir (Studi kasus Kel. Kalumeme, Kec. Ujung Bulu, Kab. Bulukumba). Octopus: Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan. 6(1) : 546-550.

Sargent, J.R., Tocher, D.R., Bell, J.G.,2002. The lipids, In: Halver, J.E., Hardy,R.W. (Eds.), Fish Nutrition, 3rd edition.Academic Press, San Diego, 181-257.

Sayyed Mohammad Mahdi Alavi, Sepidhe Barzegar-Fallah, Parastoo Rahdar, Mohammad Mahdi Ahmadi, Mina Yavari, Azadeh Hatef, Mahdi Golshan, and Otomar Linhart 2021. A Review on Environmental Contaminants-Related Fertility Threat in Male Fishes: Effects and Possible Mechanisms of Action Learned from Wildlife and Laboratory Studies

Schulte, Michael. "Anatomy and Morphology of Fishes." Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries, vol 1, 2002, pp. 13-43.

Segner H, Sundh H, Buchmann K, Douxfils J, Sundell KS, Mathieu C, et al. 2012. Health of Farmed Fish: Its Relation to Fish Welfare and Its Utility as Welfare Indicator. Fish Physiol Biochem 38:85–105. doi: 10.1007/s10695-011-9517-9

Setiawan, A., Arlitasari, E., Zuhri, M., & Hendriana, A. (2022). Monitoring pemberian pakan ikan otomatis menggunakan IoT di Laboratorium Perikanan Sekolah Vokasi IPB. JINTEKS (Jurnal Informatika Teknologi dan Sains). 4(3): 108 – 116.

Setyati, W.A., Rezagama, A., Sunaryo, S., Agustini, T.W., Hidayat, T., & Amelia, R. (2020). Budidaya menggunakan sistem akuaponik

sebagai bentuk pemanfaatan lahan sempit di Desa Bedono, Sayung, Demak. Seminar Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat UNDIP 2020: 129-131.

Shafland PL, Pestrak JM. 1982. Lower Lethal Temperatures for Fourteen Non-Native Fishes in Florida. Environ Biol Fishes 7:149–56. doi: 10.1007/BF00001785

Shanthanagouda, A.H., Sachin O K. (2018). Breeding and spawning of fishes: Role of endocrine gland. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 6(4): 472-478.

Sheridan, M.A., 1988. Lipid dynamics in fish : Aspects of absorption, transportation, deposition and mobilization. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 90, 679 - 690.

Shintani H, Furuhashi T, Hano H, Matsunaga M, Usumi K, Shudo N, Sakamoto K., (2012). "Physiological Effects of Salmon Milt Nucleoprotein on Movement, Stress Tolerance and Lifespan of C. elegans," Food and Nutrition Sciences, Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 48-54. doi: 10.4236/fns.2012.31009.

Simpson SJ, Raubenheimer D. 2001. A Framework for the Study of Macronutrient Intake in Fish. Aquac Res 32:421–32. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2109.2001.00593.x

Sinansari, S., Prakoso, V. A., Hayuningtyas, E.P., Priadi, B., Sundari, S., & Kusrini, E. (2021). Pengaruh padat tebar terhadap konsumsi oksigen dan respons stres ikan cupang alam (Betta imbellis). Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia. 6(1): 11-24.

Smeets, W. J. A. J., Nieuwenhuys, R., & Roberts, B. L. (2012a). The central nervous system of cartilaginous fishes: structure and functional correlations. Springer Science & Business Media.

Sobrino Crespo C, Perianes Cachero A, Puebla Jiménez L, Barrios V, Arilla Ferreiro E. 2014. Peptides and Food Intake. Front Endocrinol 5:58. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00058

Soengas JL. 2014. Contribution of glucose- and fatty acid sensing systems to the regulation of food intake in fish. A review. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 205: 36-48. Soeprijanto, A., Aisyah, D., Amrillah, A. M., & Ramadhani, A. W. (2022). Fisiologi Reproduksi Ikan Dan Hewan Air. Universitas Brawijaya Press.

Sonika Kar, Prabhaker Sangem, Narlagiri Anuha, Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran, 2021.A dvences in Reproductive Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Research Using Catfish Models. ]

Sunter D, Hewson AK, Dickson SL. 2003. Intracerebroventricular Injection of Apelin-13 Reduces Food Intake in the Rat. Neurosci Lett 353:1–4. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00351-3

Syahailatua A. 2008. Dampak perubahan iklim terhadap perikanan. Oseana. 33(2): 25-32. Syam, A. R., & Satria, H. (2017). Adaptasi Fisiologis Retinamata Dan Tingkah Laku Ikan Terhadap Cahaya. BAWAL Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap, 2(5), 215-224.

Szkudelski, T., Szkudelski, K., and Nogowski, L., 2009. Effects of adenosine as receptor antagonism on lipogenesis and lipolysis in isolated rat adpocytes. Physiol. Res., 58, 863- 871. Tamimi, R., Ahmad, J., & Pelu, R. (2023). Habitat dan Tingkah Laku Ikan. Penerbit NEM.

Tesch FW. 2003. The Eel; Biology and Management of Anguillia Eels, 3rd ed. Oxford (UK): Blackwell Publishing. 407 p.

Thavanathan R, Volkoff H. 2006. Effects of Amylin on Feeding of Goldfish: Interactions With CCK. Regul Pept 133:90–6. doi: 10.1016/j.regpep.2005.09.025

Tocher, D.R., 2003. Metabolism and functions of lipids and fatty acids in teleost fish. Rev. Fish Sci., 11, 107 - 184.

Unair News. (2022). Teknik Pembesaran Abalone dengan Metode Keramba Jaring Apung. https://unair.ac.id/teknik-pembesaran-abalone-dengan-metode-keramba-jaring-apung/ (Diakses 18 Juni 2024).

Unniappan S, Canosa LF, Peter RE. 2004. Orexigenic Actions of Ghrelin in Goldfish: Feeding-Induced Changes in Brain and Gut mRNA Expression and Serum Levels, and Responses to Central and Peripheral Injections. Neuroendocrinology 79:100–8. doi: 10.1159/000076634

Vladykov, V. (2014). Lamprey. The Canadian Encyclopedia.

Volkoff H, Hoskins LJ, Tuziak SM. 2010. Influence of Intrinsic Signals and Environmental Cues on the Endocrine Control of Feeding in Fish: Potential Application in Aquaculture. Gen Comp Endocrinol 167:352–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.09.001

Volkoff H, Peter RE. 2001. Characterization of Two Forms of Cocaine-and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript (CART) Peptide Precursors in Goldfish: Molecular Cloning and Distribution, Modulation of Expression by Nutritional Status, and Interactions With Leptin. Endocrinology 142:5076–88. doi: 10.1210/endo.142.12.8519

Volkoff H, Rønnestad I. 2020. Effects of Temperature on Feeding and Digestive Processes in Fish. Temperature 7:307–20. doi: 10.1080/ 23328940.2020.1765950

Volkoff H, Sabioni RE, Cyrino JEP. 2016. Appetite Regulating Factors in Dourado, Salminus Brasiliensis: cDNA Cloning and Effects of Fasting and Feeding on Gene Expression. Gen Comp Endocrinol 237:34–42. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.07.022

Volkoff H, Unniappan S, Kelly SP. 2009. The Endocrine Regulation of Food Intake. Fish Physiol 28:421–65. doi: 10.1016/S1546-5098(09)28009-5

Volkoff H, Wyatt JL. 2009. Apelin in Goldfish (Carassius auratus): Cloning, Distribution and Role in Appetite Regulation. Peptides 30:1434–40. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.04.020

Volkoff H. 2016. The Neuroendocrine Regulation of Food Intake in Fish: A Review of Current Knowledge. Front Neurosci 10:540. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00540

Watanabe, T., 1988. Intensive marine farming in Japan, In:Shepherd, J.and Bromage, N., (eds), Intensive Fish Farming, BSP Professional Books, Oxford, 23

Weber, G.M., Borski, R.J., Powell, J.F.F., Sherwood, N.M. and Grau, E.G. 1995. In vivo and invitro effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormoneonprolactin in the tilapia Oreocromis mossambicus, American zoologist 34:121 A.

Weil, M. T., Heibeck, S., Töpperwien, M., Tom Dieck, S., Ruhwedel, T., Salditt, T., Rodicio, M. C., Morgan, J. R., Nave, K. A., Möbius, W., & Werner, H. B. (2018). Axonal ensheathment in the nervous system of lamprey: Implications for the evolution of myelinating glia. Journal of Neuroscience, 38(29), 6586–6596. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1034-18.2018

Wendelaar Bonga, S. E. (1997). The stress response in fish. Physiological Reviews, 77(3), 591-625.

Widhi. (2018). Berbagai Sistem Pernapasan Pada Hewan. https://sd.prasacademy.com/2018/03/sistem-pernapasan-pada-hewan.html. Diakses 11 September 2024.

Widyaastuti, K dan Dwitasari, M. A. D. (2017). Neurofisiologi Batang Otak. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Bali.

Won ET, Borski RJ. 2013. Endocrine regulation of compensatory growth in fish. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 4(74): 1-13.

Wood, C. M. (2001). Toxic responses of the gill. In Target Organ Toxicity in Marine and Freshwater Teleosts (pp. 1-89). CRC Press.

Wootton, R. J. (1998). Ecology of Teleost Fishes. Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Woynarovich, E and L. Horvath, The Artificial Propagation of Warm water Finfishes- A Manual for Extension. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 201, Roma 1980. To Freshwater Fish Farming in China. NACA. Bamgkok, 1985.

Wu RSS, Zhou BS, Randall DJ, Woo NYS, Lam PKS. 2003. Aquatic Hypoxia Is an Endocrine Disruptor and Impairs Fish Reproduction. Environ Sci Technol 37:1137–41. doi: 10.1021/es0258327

Yamamoto T, Shima T, Furuita H, Suzuki N, Sánchez-Vázquez FJ, Tabata M. 2001. Self-Selection and Feed Consumption of Diets With a Complete Amino Acid Composition and a Composition Deficient in Either Methionine or Lysine by Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum). Aquac Res 32:83–91. doi: 10.1046/j.1355-557x.2001.00007.x

Yaron, Z. Guar G, Melamed P, Rosenfeld H, Elizur A and Levavi Sivan B, 2023. Regulatian of Fish Gonadotrpin Int Rev Cytol, 225,131-85.

Zaidy, A.B., Eliyani, Y., & Kasmawijaya, A. (2021). Pengaruh pemberian bioflok sebagai pakan tambahan terhadap performa produksi ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus). Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan. 11 (2): 211-220. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33512/jpk.v11i2.12322 Zainuri, M. (2019). Rekayasa dan Tingkah Laku Ikan. ke-1. Madura (ID): UTMPress.

Zhou C, Xu D, Lin K, Sun C, Yang X. 2018. Intelligent Feeding Control Methods in Aquaculture With an Emphasis on Fish: A Review. Rev Aquac 10:975–93. doi: 10.1111/raq.12218

Zillig K W. (2024). Temperature and fish biology: Insights from metabolism. Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology (Second Edition). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90801-6.00175-0.

Zupanc, G. K. H., & Sîrbulescu, R. F. (2012). Teleost fish as a model system to study successful regeneration of the central nervous system. New Perspectives in Regeneration, 193–233.

Diterbitkan

2025-04-29

Terbitan

Bagian

Book

Artikel Serupa

11-20 dari 29

Anda juga bisa Mulai pencarian similarity tingkat lanjut untuk artikel ini.